China ta sauka a duniyar Mars

ByJoey RouletteAn sabunta14 ga Mayu, 2021, 8:50 na yamma EDT

A ranar Juma'ar da ta gabata ce kasar Sin ta saukar da na'urorin mutum-mutumi na farko a saman duniyar Mars, kamar yadda kafafen yada labarai masu alaka da gwamnatitabbatara shafukan sada zumunta, ta zama kasa ta biyu da ta yi nasarar yin hakan bayan da ta tsallake rijiya da baya, na tsawon mintuna bakwai.Kumbon Tianwen-1 na kasar ya kori dam din rover-lander don yin taho-mu-gama da Martian da misalin karfe 7 na yamma agogon Najeriya da Nijar, inda ya fara aikin nazarin yanayi da yanayin kasa na Red Planet.

Tafiya mai cin gashin kanta ta farko ta kasar Sin zuwa duniyar Mars, mai tazarar mil miliyan 200 daga doron kasa.NASA ce kawai ta yi nasarar sauka da sarrafa rovers a duniyarmu a baya.(Sabon kumbon Mars 3 na Tarayyar Soviet ya sauka a doron kasa a shekarar 1971, ya kuma yi ta sadarwa na tsawon dakika 20 kafin ya yi duhu ba zato ba tsammani). a cikin 1976, kawai ya haɗa da mai saukar da ƙasa da aka tura daga bincikensa.

Saukowar ya faru ne a Utopia Planitia, wani yanki mai lebur na kasar Martian, kuma yanki daya da NASA's Viking 2 lander ya taba sauka a shekarar 1976. Bayan saukarwa, mai saukar jirgin zai kaddamar da wani tudu tare da tura Zhurong Rover na kasar Sin, mai kafa shida mai amfani da hasken rana. robobi mai ƙarfi da aka yi wa sunan gunkin wuta a tsohuwar tatsuniyar Sinawa.Rover ɗin yana ɗauke da ɗumbin kayan kida na kan jirgi, gami da kyamarori biyu, Radar Binciken Subsurface na Mars-Rover, Mai Gano Filin Magnetic na Mars, da Kula da Yanayi na Mars.

An harba kumbon Tianwen-1 daga cibiyar harba kumbon kumbon Wenchang da ke lardin Hainan na kasar Sin a ranar 23 ga watan Yulin shekarar da ta gabata, inda ya yi tattaki na tsawon watanni 7 zuwa duniyar ja ta duniya.Hukumar kula da sararin samaniya ta kasar Sin (CNSA) ta bayyana a cikin wata sanarwa da safiyar Juma'a cewa kumbon guda uku "yana aiki kamar yadda aka saba" tun lokacin da ya shiga sararin samaniyar Mars a watan Fabrairu.Ya tattara "yawan adadin" bayanan kimiyya tare da ɗaukar hotunan Mars yayin da yake kewayawa.

Hoto daga Wang Zhao / AFP ta hanyar Getty Images

Jirgin na Tianwen-1, wanda ke rike da dam din rover-lander, ya kwashe sama da watanni uku yana leko wurin saukar Utopia Planitia, yana tashi kusa da duniyar Mars kowane sa'o'i 49 a cikin kewayawa mai elliptical (wani nau'in orbital mai siffar kwai), bisa ga bayanin.Andrew Jones, dan jarida mai ba da rahoto kan ayyukan kasar Sin a sararin samaniya.

Yanzu a saman Mars, jirgin Zhurong rover zai fara aikin akalla watanni uku don nazarin yanayin duniyar Mars da ilimin kasa.

"Babban aikin Tianwen-1 shi ne gudanar da bincike na duniya kuma mai zurfi game da duk duniya ta hanyar amfani da sararin samaniya, da aika rover zuwa saman wuraren da ke da muradun kimiyya don gudanar da cikakken bincike tare da daidaito da ƙuduri," in ji manyan masana kimiyya na tawagar.ya rubuta inHalitta Astronomyshekaran da ya gabata.Rover mai nauyin kilogiram 240 ya kusan ninki biyu na yawan rovers na Yutu Moon na kasar Sin.

Tianwen-1 shine sunan gabaɗayan manufa ta Mars, mai suna bayan dogon waƙar "Tianwen," wanda ke nufin "Tambayoyi zuwa sama."Wannan shi ne na baya-bayan nan a cikin saurin ci gaban da aka samu a sararin samaniyar kasar Sin.Kasar ta zama kasa ta farko a tarihikasa da sarrafa rovera gefen wata mai nisa a 2019. Ya kuma kammala ataƙaitaccen aikin samfurin wataa watan Disambar bara, ya harba wani mutum-mutumi zuwa duniyar wata tare da gaggauta mayar da shi duniya tare da tarin duwatsun wata domin tantancewa.

 Hoto daga STR / AFP ta hanyar Getty Images

A baya-bayan nan, kasar Sin ta kaddamar da tsarin farko na tashar tashar sararin samaniya ta Tianhe, wanda zai zama wurin zama ga kungiyoyin 'yan sama jannati.Roka da ya harba wannan tsarin ya haifar da wanikasa da kasa freakouta inda a duniya zai iya komawa.(Yana ƙarshesake shigaGwamnatin kasar Sin ta ce, a kan tekun Indiya, kuma manyan makamin roka sun fantsama da nisan mil 30 daga tsibirin Maldives.)

Duk da wannan balaguron buri na zuwa duniyar Mars tare da mutum-mutumi uku na mutum-mutumi, da alama China ta mayar da hankali kan wata - wuri guda na shirin Artemis na NASA.A farkon wannan shekarar, kasar Sinsanar da tsare-tsaredon gina tashar sararin samaniyar wata da tushe a saman duniyar wata tare da kasar Rasha, abokiyar huldar NASA da ta dade a tashar sararin samaniya ta kasa da kasa.